Techniques of male circumcision focus on maximizing the benefits desired from the procedure and at the same time, minimising the risks of complications. Any of the various safe and acceptable techniques of male circumcision may be adopted as suitable to the patient. The choice of procedure is usually left to the particular patient in order to improve patients’ acceptability of male circumcision. Best hospital for stapler circumcision offers techniques acceptable to all so as to encourage worldwide acceptability of the procedure of male circumcision.
Principles of techniques for Male Circumcision
Male circumcision is the oldest known human surgical procedure and it was not until the 19th century that the procedure was “medical-ized”. There are several different types of circumcision for conventional or device-based surgical circumcision. These procedures have evolved over a period of many years and with corresponding advancements in medical technology. Various methods of circumcision using several devices are presently in use for male circumcision. These methods can be grouped into three main groups as Shield and clamp, dorsal slit, and excision. Majority of the techniques of circumcision in use today fall in to one of these major categories. In recent practices of circumcision, the device method is the commonly used technique. Circumcision effected by shield and clamp technique, adopts the use of device, obviating the use of knife in majority of cases. Though varied in techniques, the process of circumcision still serves the purpose to make the experience more simpler and effective and to minimize any post operative complications and pain. Asepsis, adequate excision of outer and inner preputial skin layers, homoeostasis, protection of the glans and urethra, and cosmesis are the principles of any circumcision technique. The procedure aims to expose the glans sufficient to prevent phimosis, paraphimosis or any other indications for circumcision.
Factors to determine the technique of male circumcision
There are many factors that decides the most appropriate method of circumcision for a particular patient. Such factors can be listed as:
- Assessment that includes medical history focussed on the condition and physical examination of the penis that indicates any abnormalities of penile development are the determinants that decides the eligibility of a technique for a particular patient.
- Performance of a procedure is based on the capacity of the clinic or hospital to provide the facility, the availability of supplies and equipment and the expertise of the surgeon performing the procedure.
- Patient’s preferred technique.
Open surgery technique of male circumcision
The conventional or traditional technique for circumcision is the open surgery, otherwise called the Dorsal Slit Technique. This technique involves an incision made along the upper length of the foreskin. The surgeon exposes the glans by slitting the foreskin from the tip of the corona without removing any tissue. Wounds and stitches are the drawbacks of this technique that leads to prolonged recovery time and requirement to stay in the hospital for a few days. Inconvenience arises due to the complexity of the procedure and the harmful side effects, complications, or even permanent penile damage if the procedure is not performed properly. Some of the common complications are:
- Unbearable pain after the surgery
- Excessive bleeding during the surgery
- Increased risks of infections and inflammation
- Longer duration of recovery period up to 4 weeks
- Possibility of postoperative hematoma where blood collects under the skin
- Penile swelling and soreness
Stapler or ZSR technique of male circumcision
A surgical stapler is used to cut the layer of the foreskin and seal the cut skin edges through this modern technique of stapler circumcision. This method does not cause much pain to the patient because the procedure is under the effect of either local or general anaesthesia. It takes less than 30 minutes for the stapler circumcision procedure and the patient is usually sent home the same day. This technique does not involve any big incisions or cuts, allowing a much faster recovery process that enables the patient to resume his normal routine life within 3-5 days of surgery. As a simple precaution to stay away from any chances of complication, the patient is advised to avoid masturbation and sexual intercourse for a few days until the penis heals fully. The advantages of stapler circumcision in Chennai makes it a much better technique in comparison to open surgery are:
- Minimal pain
- Same day discharge
- Faster recovery
- Early return to work
- No chances of postoperative complications
- Blood loss is bare minimum
- Very less possibility of wound dehiscence
Laser Technique of male circumcision
Laser circumcision is an advanced, state of the art surgical procedure with the most effective and safe technique available to this day. Laser circumcision does not involve any big incisions or cuts on the foreskin but the layer of the foreskin is removed making use of a high-intensity laser beam. The laser beam is focussed only on the foreskin and does not harm any other neighbouring tissues. Laser circumcision procedure completes within about 10-15 minutes and the patient is allowed go home on the same day. There is no inconvenience of hospital stay required after the procedure and with very few precautions, healing is complete within shortest period. Benefits of Laser circumcision include:
- Very fast and smooth recovery
- Minimal post-surgical swelling
- Pain free circumcision
- Nil chances of postoperative infections
- Very short recovery period
- Return to work in 2 to 3 days
Laser circumcision makes it easier to maintain the hygiene of a circumcised penis. With no additional efforts, daily wash of the penis while bathing is sufficient to not only eliminate the risk of many foreskin-related problems like phimosis (tight foreskin) and paraphimosis (tight foreskin stuck), cure conditions like balanitis (inflammation of the glans) and balanoposthitis (inflammation of glans and foreskin both), but also prevent infections of the penis and the risk of urinary tract infections to a large extent. Laser and stapler circumcision facilitates men to be less prone to Sexually Transmitted Infections and penile cancer than uncircumcised men.